Пакет dfu-programmer: Информация

dfu-programmer is an implementation of the Device Firmware Upgrade class
USB driver that enables firmware upgrades for various USB enabled (with the
correct bootloader) Atmel chips.  This program was created because the
Atmel "FLIP" program for flashing devices does not support flashing via USB
on Linux, and because standard DFU loaders do not work for Atmel's chips.

Check out the Atmel website for more information.  They are kind enough to
provide generally correct specifications this implementation is based on.